Transfer On Death Deeds Help Avoid Probate

Added August 11, 2008 by Ilyce R. Glink

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Summary: A Florida homeowner asks whether she can avoid probate for her estate by using transfer on death (TOD) deeds. She wants to leave her condo to her son but does not want him to pay probate costs. Can she set up a transfer on death (TOD) deed so that her son avoids probate? Florida does not support TOD deeds for real estate but she can consult an estate attorney for help with probate laws and possibly setting up a trust.

Q: I enjoy your column and have learned from you. I am single, age 70. The only "individual" asset I have in my name is my condo in Florida, which is my principal residence, in Florida.

In order to avoid this asset going through probate at my demise, may I record a new deed titled as follows: "Mary J. Smith, TOD (Transfer on Death) to Mark R. Smith (son)"? I have executed stock and other assets titled as above, thus avoiding probate. Thank you in advance.

A: There are currently 12 states that permit a TOD deed, also known as a beneficiary deed, to be recorded for a piece of real estate: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma and Wisconsin.

In these states, you can record a TOD deed that names your heir as the grantee (the owner of the property is the grantor) upon your death. You would record the deed just as you'd record a regular deed. Your heir would need a death certificate and, in some state, an affidavit, in order to complete the transfer of ownership.

The big savings: You don't have to go through probate.

You can revoke or amend the TOD deed at any time without consulting the grantee and the grantee, since he or she doesn't own the house until your death, has no ability to borrow against the property or have it attached in a bankruptcy, for example.

And if there is an outstanding mortgage on the property, it would be transferred into the grantee name upon your death.

Since you live in Florida, I don't believe you can execute a TOD deed in order to avoid probate on the property. But if you wish, you can set up a living trust that would accomplish the same thing. In addition to being able to place your home into the trust, you could also place any other assets you own into that trust.

Normally, the trust would allow you to revoke the designation and you could take the assets out of the trust if you wished. But the trust would allow you to hold bank accounts, your home and even stock in the name of the trust. Upon your death, those items would stay in the trust but the new beneficiary would be your son. He could then sell or use those items held in the trust and he would avoid the cost of probate.

Essentially, you'd transfer the property into the name of the trust, and name your heir as the successor beneficiary of the trust upon your death. For more details, please consult with an estate attorney.

Published: Aug 11, 2008

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